Lead cladding is used in curved and amorphous structures, especially for the roof coverings of domed mosques, madrasahs, külliye complexes, and similar works, extending from the time of Mimar Sinan to the present day. Its softness, workability, and long lifespan are the primary reasons why it is preferred in such challenging structures compared to other metals.
Before applying lead cladding, certain traditional insulation methods must be used. This method is identical to the adobe plastering technique used in Anatolia. It is made by mixing clay, stone-free soil, and straw to form adobe. This method provides effective thermal insulation while preventing the soft lead from expanding and rubbing against the covered surface due to temperature fluctuations, which could cause wear and degradation of the lead in the short term.
Today, insulation made with mud plaster is still in use. Another method is the use of horasan plaster. This method is effective and provides the same level of insulation as mud plaster. The smoother surface of the plastered area helps the lead appear sharper and more uniform. Additionally, since it is not affected by weather conditions such as rain during construction, it is preferred over mud plaster. Another method is the use of wool felt, which is preferred for wooden surfaces where horasan or mud plaster cannot be applied. However, it makes it more difficult for the lead to adhere to the surface, leading to a higher likelihood of damage to the lead application.
Lead is an effective material for the isolation of harmful X-ray radiation in rooms such as X-ray rooms, ultrasound rooms, and tomography rooms. This lead isolation method is widely used both in Turkey and around the world. Additionally, lead panels, lead glass, lead bricks, and lead doors are common types of insulation used for radioactive reactions and leaks.
Other uses of lead include the following: Lead is also used in areas that require weight, such as boats, ships, etc. It is also used in sectors like fishing sinkers and bullet cores. Finally, in ancient structures, lead was traditionally used between stone walls to reduce the impact of seismic vibrations on buildings.